Background We previously reported a PI3K inhibitor “type”:”entrez-protein” attrs :”text”:”S14161″ term_id :”98844″ term_text :”pirS14161 which displays a promising preclinical activity against multiple myeloma (MM) and leukemia but the chiral structure and poor solubility prevent its further application. and inhibition of PI3K were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting respectively; anti-myeloma activity was performed on two independent xenograft models. Results Among the six analogs BENC-511 was one of the most potent compounds which significantly inhibited PI3K activity and induced MM cell apoptosis. BENC-511 was able to inactivate PI3K and its WDFY2 downstream signals AKT mTOR p70S6K and 4E-BP1 at 1?μM but had no effects on their total protein expression. Consistent with its effects on PI3K activity BENC-511 induced MM cell apoptosis which was evidenced by the cleavage of Caspase-3 and PARP. Notably addition of insulin-like growth factor 1 and interleukin-6 two important triggers for PI3K activation in MM cells partly blocked BENC-511-induced MM cell death which further demonstrated that PI3K signaling pathway was critical for the anti-myeloma activity of BENC-511. Moreover BENC-511 also showed potent oral activity against myeloma and delays tumor growth in myeloma xenograft models To further evaluate the therapeutic effects of BENC-511 in MM two myeloma tumor models established with human MM cell lines OPM2 and RPMI-8226 in nude mice were treated with BENC-511 by oral administration. As shown in Figure?7A BENC-511 at 50?mg/kg/day significantly decreased tumor growth within one week in both models. BENC-511 delayed MM tumor growth in a time-dependent manner. At the end of the experiment with 20-day treatment the average tumor sizes were decreased to 25% and 21.2% compared with the control treated with vehicle in OPM2 and RPMI-8226 models respectively (Figure?7A). Varenicline Figure 7 BENC-511 induces MM cell death in vivo and delays tumor growth in myeloma xenograft models. Human multiple myeloma cells (RPMI-8226 and OPM2) were injected subcutaneously into nude mice with a density of 30 million cells/site. When tumors were palpable … To check whether tumor decrease was associated with PI3K inhibition and apoptosis induced by BENC-511 tumor tissue extracts were subject to immunoblotting analyses. The results showed that both PARP and Caspase-3 were markedly cleaved in BENC-511 treated mice (Figure?7B). To our expectation AKT phosphorylation was significantly suppressed in tumors from BENC-511-treated mice (Figure?7C). p70S6K and mTOR phosphorylation was also decreased in the same pattern as AKT (Figure?7D). However BENC-511 had Varenicline no changes in total protein levels in AKT p70S6K or Varenicline mTOR (Figure?7). These data thus further demonstrated that BENC-511 was effective in the treatment of MM both and and for 10 minutes and frozen for further analysis. Liver function was evaluated with serum levels of physiochemical indexes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) aspartate aminotransferase (AST) blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). All biochemical assays were performed using a clinical automatic chemistry analyzer (Suzhou Municipal Hospital Suzhou China). Statistical analysis Data are presented as mean values with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) unless otherwise indicated. For studies the Varenicline Mann-Whitney rank sum nonparametric method was used to test for differences between treatment groups in the weight of the tumors. The test was used for comparisons of two groups in the in vitro studies. All statistical tests were two-sided and a value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions Participated in research design: KH ZL XM BC. Conducted Varenicline experiments: KH XX GC YZ JZ XD ZZ BC. Performed data analysis: KH XX XM ZL. Wrote or contributed to the writing of the manuscript: KH XM ZL BC. All authors read and approved Varenicline the final manuscript. Supplementary Material Additional file 1: Figure S1: (A) OPM2 cells were treated with increasing concentration of “type”:”entrez-protein” attrs :”text”:”S14161″ term_id :”98844″ term_text :”pirS14161 BENC-512 DQJ-610 DJY-611 WQD-612 QDF-511. Seventy-two hours after incubation cell growth.