The result of NaCl plus 3% chitosan around the systolic blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were evaluated and compared with NaCl plus KCl (NaCl, 49. before any recommendations can be made. experiments were performed following the guidelines for the care R547 and use of Rabbit Polyclonal to EGFR (phospho-Ser695) laboratory animals approved by Seoul National University [Approval No. SNU-070119-1]. Twenty-five SHR, 6 weeks of age and weighing 280-310 g (male) were purchased from Central Laboratory Animal, Korea. Animals were maintained in a certified animal house under supervision and standard conditions of 22 2 and 55 10% relative humidity with a photoperiod of 12 : 12 h of R547 light : darkness. Water and a dry pellet diet (Purina Rodent Laboratory Chow; Ralston Purina, USA) were given ad libitum. The rats were acclimatized for 4 days prior to the start of the experiments and randomly allocated to five groups. Group 1: NaCl + KCl (49.36% NaCl plus 49.36% KCl), group 2: NaCl + chitosan (NaCl plus 3% chitosan), group 3: NaCl, group 4: chitosan (3%) administered orally using a metal gastric zonde, and group 5; untreated control. The concentration of sodium given was 44 mM (1 g of sodium) / day [3]. After two months of consuming their respective diets, all rats were anaesthetized by an intramuscular injection of ketamine (100 mg/kg) and R547 xylazine (10 mg/kg) into the right quadriceps femoris muscle. Blood and urine were collected from the heart and urinary bladder, respectively, followed by cervical dislocation. Body weight and systolic blood pressure The body weights of the rats were measured once per week at the same time during the day. Measurement of the systolic blood pressure was performed once per week at the same time during the day. After the stabilization of the animals in a warm box at 37 for R547 15 min, the tail systolic blood pressure was measured with a noninvasive blood pressure system (ML125/R; AD Devices Power Lab System, USA) and was reported as the mean value of three consecutive measurements [28]. Blood and urine chemistry Blood was centrifuged at 3,000 g for 15 min to obtain serum. After serum separation, we measured the levels of electrolytes [sodium (Na+), chlorine (Cl-) and potassium (K+)] by an electrolyte measurement apparatus based on an ion electrode method. Angiotensin I and II were measured with a rat angiotensin I and II EIA kits (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Urine was assayed for creatinine by a refractometer (Atago, Japan), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) with a industrial package (BUN Kainos; Kainos, Japan) regarding to a customized urease-indole-phenol technique and electrolytes (Na+, Cl- and K+) by an electrolyte dimension apparatus predicated on an ion electrode technique [6]. Histopathology The autopsied center and kidneys from five rats in each eating band of SHR had been set in 10% formalin buffer for 48 h, accompanied by dehydration within an alcohol-xylene series to embedding in paraffin polish prior. The glomerular, vascular, tubular, and interstitial adjustments had been graded from 0 to 3 watching H&E stained slides (0 = regular; 0.5 = minimal; 1 = small; 2 = moderate and 3 = serious) [1]. Statistical data Statistical evaluation was performed using Duncan’s multiple range check (Edition 8.2; SAS Institute, USA). A < 0.05) in SBP in the pure NaCl plus chitosan group at 2 week only once set alongside the KCl plus NaCl treated group, however, not at 8th week (Fig. 2). Fig. 2 Adjustments in systolic blood circulation pressure of hypertensive rats administered several combos of eating salts spontaneously. Means using the same alphabetical notice are not considerably different (< 0.05). Vertical pubs signify the mean ... Bloodstream and urine chemistry Angiotensin I and II focus, NaCl plus chitosan diet plan.